With an area of about 230 square kilometers, the island-province of Batanes is the smallest in the Philippines and was formed when Mount Iraya erupted around 325 BC. The West Philippine Sea, the Pacific Ocean, the Bashi Channel, and the Balintang Channel form its northern, eastern, western, and southern borders, respectively. Its capital city, Basco, is located around 190 kilometers south of Taiwan and 280 kilometers north of Aparri, Cagayan, or about 860 kilometers north of Manila.
The ancient Ivatans—known as the "True Insulares"—were boat builders and seafarers who lived in small tribal settlements and subsisted on fishing, hunting, horticulture, and the cultivation of root crops.